review · International Journal of Nephrology
A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Combining data from twelve studies encompassing 4,075 individuals, the overall pooled prevalence was estimated at 35.52 percent for kidney disease stages one through five, and 14.5 percent for stages three through five. Several clinical and demographic characteristics demonstrated strong links to kidney disease risk. These included age over sixty years, female sex, having diabetes for over ten years, type 2 diabetes, and high body mass index. In addition, poor glycaemic control, elevated fasting blood glucose, high systolic blood pressure, and diabetic retinopathy increased the odds of developing the condition, while higher high-density lipoprotein levels showed a protective relationship. The findings emphasise the substantial burden of kidney disease among diabetic individuals in Ethiopia and suggest targeted preventive approaches.
Diabetes is a growing global health challenge, and chronic kidney disease is one of its most severe complications. By synthesising data from multiple Ethiopian studies, this analysis highlights that over a third of diabetic patients suffer from renal impairment. Identifying major risk factors such as blood pressure and long disease duration helps healthcare providers tailor early interventions and improve management strategies.
The abstract describes epidemiological research and does not report on a specific technology, product, or device. However, the identified clinical indicators could inform the design of risk-stratification software, diagnostic screening protocols, or diabetes disease-management programmes for clinical healthcare providers and health systems. The research represents early-stage epidemiological evidence that is several steps removed from commercial implementation, serving primarily to identify targets for preventive care and health resource planning.
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Background . Though different primary studies have reported the burden of chronic kidney disease among diabetes patients, their results have demonstrated substantial variation regarding its prevalence in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its associated factors among diabetes patients in Ethiopia. Method . PubMed, African Journals Online, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Wiley Online Library were searched to identify relevant studies. The I 2 statistic was used to check heterogeneity across the included studies. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the pooled effect size across studies. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to determine the presence of publication bias. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA™ version 14 software. Result . In this meta-analysis, a total of 12 studies with 4,075 study participants were included. The estimated prevalence of CKD among diabetes patients was found to be 35.52% (95% CI: 25.9–45.45, I 2 = 96.3%) for CKD stages 1 to 5 and 14.5% (95% CI: 10.5–18.49, I 2 = 91.1%) for CKD stages 3 to 5. Age greater than 60 years (OR = 2.99; 95% CI: 1.56–5.73), female sex (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.04–2.69), duration of diabetes >10 years (OR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.38–5.51), body mass index >30 kg/m 2 (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.41–3.00), type 2 diabetes (OR = 2.54; 95% CI: 1.73–3.73), poor glycemic control (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.34–3.02), fasting blood glucose >150 mg/dl (OR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.79–3.72), high density lipoprotein >40 mg/dl (OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.30–0.85–25), systolic blood pressure>140 mmHg (OR = 3.26; 95% CI: 2.24–4.74), and diabetic retinopathy (OR = 4.54; CI: 1.08–25) were significantly associated with CKD. Conclusion . This study revealed that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease remains high among diabetes patients in Ethiopia. This study found that a long duration of diabetes, age>60 years, diabetic retinopathy, female sex, family history of kidney disease, poor glycemic control, systolic blood pressure, overweight, and high level of high-density lipoprotein were associated with chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients. Therefore, situation-based interventions and context-specific preventive strategies should be developed to reduce the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease among diabetes patients.
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DOI: 10.1155/2020/8890331
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