Chemically reduced graphene oxide sheets for voltammetric determination of ciprofloxacin in biological fluids and pharmaceutical formulations

Abstract

In the present work, graphene oxide (GO) reduced by ethyl acetate was used as modifier of graphite electrode (rGO-CPE) for the determination of Ciprofloxacin (Cipro). The rGO-CPE was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical behavior of Cipro was performed in phosphate buffer solution (0.1 mol/L PBS, pH 7). Under the optimized parameters, the obtained detection limit is (DL=2.18 × 10−9 mol/L). The developed sensor showed excellent repeatability, estimated in terms of relative standard deviation to be (RSD = 2.917%), for n=8, and has been successfully applied for Cipro recognition in urine and pharmaceutical formulations samples.