review · Life
This review synthesises extensive information on Matricaria chamomilla L., commonly known as chamomile, a globally recognised medicinal plant. It covers its taxonomy, botanical description, traditional ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties. The plant's essential oils are rich in terpenoids, while its extracts contain phenolic compounds. Scientific analysis confirms chamomile possesses a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic effects. These findings validate many of its traditional applications and suggest potential for use in medicine, veterinary care, food preservation, and industrial applications, with encapsulation potentially enhancing its efficacy.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of chamomile's traditional uses and scientifically validated properties. Understanding its diverse biological activities, from anti-inflammatory to antimicrobial, can inform its continued use in health and open doors for new applications in various sectors, benefiting human and animal well-being.
The abstract indicates potential applications for chamomile in the medicinal and veterinary fields, food preservation, phytosanitary control, and as a surfactant and anti-corrosive agent. Encapsulation is highlighted as a method to enhance its biological activities and improve its applications. This suggests a range of potential products, from health supplements to industrial additives, with the research providing a comprehensive basis for further applied development.
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Matricaria chamomilla L. is a famous medicinal plant distributed worldwide. It is widely used in traditional medicine to treat all kinds of diseases, including infections, neuropsychiatric, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and liver disorders. It is also used as a sedative, antispasmodic, antiseptic, and antiemetic. In this review, reports on M. chamomilla taxonomy, botanical and ecology description, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, biological and pharmacological properties, possible application in different industries, and encapsulation were critically gathered and summarized. Scientific search engines such as Web of Science, PubMed, Wiley Online, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar were used to gather data on M. chamomilla. The phytochemistry composition of essential oils and extracts of M. chamomilla has been widely analyzed, showing that the plant contains over 120 constituents. Essential oils are generally composed of terpenoids, such as α-bisabolol and its oxides A and B, bisabolone oxide A, chamazulene, and β-farnesene, among other compounds. On the other hand, M. chamomilla extracts were dominated by phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and coumarins. In addition, M. chamomilla demonstrated several biological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-parasitic, insecticidal, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. These activities allow the application of M. chamomilla in the medicinal and veterinary field, food preservation, phytosanitary control, and as a surfactant and anti-corrosive agent. Finally, the encapsulation of M. chamomilla essential oils or extracts allows the enhancement of its biological activities and improvement of its applications. According to the findings, the pharmacological activities of M. chamomilla confirm its traditional uses. Indeed, M. chamomilla essential oils and extracts showed interesting antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, anti-pyretic, anti-allergic, and analgesic activities. Moreover, the most important application of M. chamomilla was in the medicinal field on animals and humans.
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DOI: 10.3390/life12040479
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