Care of persons with intellectual and developmental disorders: Views of formal carers

Abstract

Provision of long-term care to persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) can place continuous emotional and physical demands on carers, often leading to fatigue or stress. This qualitative exploratory study examined the experiences of 12 formal carers who provide daily support to individuals with IDDs in the Central Region of Ghana. Using semi-structured interviews and reflexive thematic analysis, the study identified three interconnected themes: meaning-making and growth in caregiving, emotional and structural burdens of care, and resilience through adaptive strategies. Carers described fulfilment, joy, and personal growth in witnessing the progress and potential of individuals with IDDs. However, they also reported significant challenges, including stress, frustration, exposure to aggressive behaviours, and inadequate parental or institutional support. Despite these obstacles, carers adopted coping mechanisms such as faith-based practices, peer interaction, and recreational activities to maintain emotional balance. The findings bring out caregiving as both rewarding and demanding in Ghana.