article · International Journal of Vegetable Science
A controlled environment experiment evaluated the effects of carbon dioxide concentrations on waterleaf, Talinum triangulare, under climate change conditions. Plants were cultivated at 400, 600, 800, and 1000 parts per million of carbon dioxide to measure plant development, overall yield, nutrient composition, and bioactive substances. The findings show that waterleaf grows best, produces higher yields, and improves its macro- and micro-nutrient profiles when exposed to 800 parts per million. Bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacities, increased at concentrations up to 800 parts per million. However, exposure to 1000 parts per million led to a depreciation in antioxidant values. Overall, elevated carbon dioxide significantly enhances the growth and yield of waterleaf, with 800 parts per million identified as optimal for enhancing both crop functionality and nutritional quality.
Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide alters both the productivity and the nutritional quality of leafy vegetables. Understanding how specific crops respond to elevated gas levels helps agricultural practitioners predict climate impacts on food security. Identifying the precise threshold where nutritional benefits peak allows producers to cultivate crops with higher antioxidant and nutrient contents, directly benefiting human health and nutrition.
This work directly informs controlled-environment agriculture and greenhouse vegetable growers seeking to maximise crop yield and nutrient density. Commercial operators can apply these findings by calibrating carbon dioxide dosing systems to the recommended 800 parts per million. Because carbon supplementation is already widely utilised in commercial horticulture, adopting this target level represents an applied, near-market operational adjustment for growers cultivating waterleaf.
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Understanding the impact of carbon dioxide concentration on the yield and functional properties of waterleaf [Talinum triangulare (Jacq)] is necessary in the context of climate change, as it assesses the potential consequences of rising carbon dioxide levels on this leafy green’s growth and nutritional quality. In a controlled environment experiment, T. triangulare plants were exposed to 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm carbon dioxide levels. Plant development, yield, macro- and micro-nutrient composition, and number of bioactive substances were measured. Talinum triangulare grows best, has improved nutrient content, and produces more when carbon dioxide levels are 800 ppm. The 1000 ppm carbon dioxide showed a depreciative antioxidant value of T. triangulare. The secondary metabolites phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidants (2,2’-Azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Property, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Ability) results indicated that <800 ppm of carbon dioxide increased antioxidant properties. Elevated carbon dioxide concentrations have the potential to enhance the growth and yield of T. triangulare. The T. triangulare grown under 800 ppm CO2 showed the best antioxidant properties. It can be recommended that greenhouses fortified with CO2 at 800 ppm CO2 can benefit to the growth, functionality, and nutritional properties of vegetables.
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DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2024.2439316
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