Can computed tomography extra-luminal mesenteric signs differentiate accurately between sigmoid diverticulitis and sigmoid cancer?

Abstract

Abstract Background The primary challenge in diagnosing diverticulitis is ruling out colon cancer, as both conditions are common in the elderly population and have similar clinical and imaging appearances. The aim of this work was to analyze the usefulness of specific diagnostic CT mesenteric signs for identifying and differentiating sigmoid diverticulitis from sigmoid cancer by contrast-enhanced computed tomography and correlation with histopathological data. Results There were significant differences between both groups regarding fat stranding proportionate or disproportionate, comma sign, and engorged mesenteric vessels ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Differentiating between sigmoid diverticulitis and cancer is crucial, especially in the elderly, due to their similar clinical presentations and imaging characteristics. A careful evaluation of CT mesenteric findings alongside clinical symptoms and potential endoscopic results is essential to accurately distinguish between these conditions.