Burden of Gender Based Violence in Ethiopia in case of High School Female Students: Systematic review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Abstract Background Gender-based violence (GBV) violates human rights, has terrible repercussions on the educational system, and is remarkably underreported. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the combined prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) and its determinants among female students in high schools in Ethiopia. Methods Data base search were conducted through PubMed, Science Direct, HINARI. Web of Science,and Cochrane Library. Essential data were extracted using a Microsoft Excel format and analyzed by using STATA Version 17.0. Heterogeneity were checked by using heterogeneity I 2 test and p-values at (I 2 = 98.9%, p < 0.001). To depict publication bias, the funnel plot was utilized, and Egger's and Begg's tests were used to examine it statistically. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess the variation of primary research Result The pooled prevalence of lifetime GBV was 50% (95% CI: 41, 59). The pooled prevalence of life time sexual violence, physical violence and psychological violence were found to be 33% (95% CI: 24, 42), 39% (95% CI: 33, 45), and 30% (95%CI: 14, 46) respectively. Alcohol use (AOR: 3.32; 95% CI, 1.70, 6.46), having boyfriend (AOR: 2.61; 95% CI, 1.01, 6.77), being rural residence (AOR: 1:89; 95% CI, 1.52, 2.35) and smoking cigarette (AOR: 7.88; 95% CI: 5:76, 10.77) were found to be determinants of gender based violence. Conclusion High school students in Ethiopia struggle greatly with gender-based violence. This issue needs to be addressed by both governmental and non-governmental entities.