Blood flow restriction training in rehabilitation for knee conditions and elective knee procedures

Abstract

Rehabilitation protocols for various knee conditions and elective procedures are essential for restoring function and patient satisfaction, as these conditions are frequently associated with significant muscle strength loss and may eventually require prolonged recovery.This minireview highlights the adjunctive role of blood flow restriction (BFR) training in this context.The fundamental principles of BFR involve controlled external occlusion to induce physiological training effects with substantially reduced mechanical load.BFR was added to various rehabilitation protocols for patients with knee conditions, such as primary osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and was also applied during the rehabilitation of patients undergoing knee-related surgical interventions, including anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and total knee arthroplasty.Various studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses have shown the effectiveness of BFR in improving muscle strength and function, with added value for functional outcomes and patient satisfaction.Furthermore, it showed an acceptable safety profile.However, a clear description of the protocols for using BFR, tailored to each patient and procedure, should be provided.Moreover, long-term data on BFR involvement in the rehabilitation protocols for different knee conditions and after various surgical procedures, compared with conventional rehabilitation protocols, are still required.