Bleomycin‐dependent DNA damage, erythrocyte hemolysis, antitumor MTT assay, and antimicrobial activity studies for Cd (II), Mn (II), Zn (II), Cr (III), and Fe (III) complexes of a multidentate carbohydrazone ligand

Abstract

Cd (II), Mn (II), Zn (II), Cr (III), and Fe (III) complexes of a carbohydrazone ligand H 4 EBC, prepared by the reaction of ethyl acetate and carbohydrazide, have been prepared and fully characterized. The ligand H 4 EBC acted as a bidentate carbohydrazone with Cd (II) and coordinated through the nitrogen of both (‐NH) and (C=N) azomethine groups, while with Mn (II) and Zn (II), it acted as a neutral NN bidentate ligand. In complexes with Fe (III) and Cr (III), H 4 EBC acts a bi‐negative tetra‐dentate, coordinating through the oxygen atoms of both enolized (C=O) ester groups and the nitrogen of both (C=N) azomethine groups. To illustrate the proposed geometries and chemical reactivity of the compounds, we employed DFT calculations. Additionally, thermal studies provided insights into the stability of the isolated compounds. Interestingly, the prepared complexes demonstrated emission broad bands at various wavelengths, indicating ligand to metal charge transfer. Based on the inhibition of DNA destruction, the complexes can be ranked in the following order: [Cd(H 4 EBC)Cl 2 ].2H 2 O] (1) > H 4 EBC > [Mn(H 4 EBC)Cl 2 )].(H 2 O) 2 ] (2) > [Zn(H 4 EBC)Cl 2 ].2H 2 O] (3) > [Fe(H 2 EBC)Cl(H 2 O)].H 2 O (5) > [Cr(H 2 EBC)Cl (H 2 O)].H 2 O (4). Regarding erythrocyte hemolysis, the order of effectiveness can be arranged as follows: (2) > (1) > H 4 EBC > (5) > (3) > (4). We further investigated the compounds for their potential in antitumor activity against two cell lines and antimicrobial behavior.