article · Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
Silver nanoparticles were synthesised using the stem extract of the plant Chasmanthera dependens. Structural and chemical analysis confirmed the formation of cubically shaped silver nanoparticles with sizes between 24.53 and 92.38 nanometres. Laboratory evaluations showed that the particles possessed targeted antibacterial properties, inhibiting Klebsiella pneumoniae at concentrations of 80 and 100 micrograms per millilitre while showing minimal effect on other tested bacteria. The nanoparticles also functioned as potent larvicides against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae, achieving lethal concentrations of 7.15 and 20.86 micrograms per millilitre for fifty and ninety percent mortality respectively within one hour. Furthermore, the synthesised particles showed free radical scavenging capability at all tested concentrations, high anticoagulant efficacy, and the ability to dissolve blood clots with a clot lysis rate of 45.61 percent.
Finding natural and sustainable ways to produce functional nanomaterials is important for developing new health and pest control solutions. Plant-mediated synthesis provides an alternative method for generating silver nanoparticles that can simultaneously target harmful bacteria, control disease-carrying mosquitoes, and offer potential properties for blood clot management and antioxidant protection.
The findings suggest potential applications in developing vector control formulations against mosquitoes and targeted antibacterial or therapeutic agents for thrombosis and oxidative stress. Potential users include pharmaceutical developers and public health bodies. This work represents early-stage laboratory research, as evaluations were limited to initial in vitro and larvicidal assays without safety, formulation, or in vivo testing reported.
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The stem extract of Chasmanthera dependens was used in the biofabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in this study. The AgNPs was characterised using UV-visible spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), EDX, and the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Antibacterial, antioxidant, anticoagulant, thrombolytic and larvicidal activities of the biosynthesised nanoparticles were carried out. There was a peak at 418 nm with a strong silver peak observed around 2.7KeV when the EDX analysis was carried out. The FESEM showed a large number of cubically shaped nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 24.53 to 92.38 nm. CDE-AgNPs was effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae at 80 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml concentrations while little or no inhibition observed with other bacterial isolates used. CDE-AgNPs displayed potent activity with LC50 and LC90 of 7.15 µg/ml and 20.86 µg/ml respectively against the Aedes aegypti mosquito larva after 1hr of exposure. The synthesised nanoparticles displayed scavenging activity of DPPH at all concentrations. High anticoagulant efficacy was displayed, while 45.61% clot lysis was observed. This study therefore demonstrated the effectiveness of biosynthesised Chasmanthera dependens stem extract silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticoagulant, thrombolytic and larvicidal agents.
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DOI: 10.33640/2405-609x.1018
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