Bio-Psycho-Social Challenges Experienced by South African Youth Triggering Suicidal Ideation: A Case of Eastern Cape, South Africa

Abstract

Suicidality in youth is a growing concern and is currently a public health issue in South Africa, Eastern Cape province and the province with limited resources. South Africa is among the top countries with a high suicide mortality rate globally. Hence this study sought to investigate the challenges faced by suicidal African youth. The research was exploratory, a qualitative research method was adopted, and non-probability and judgemental sampling was chosen.Ten (10)individuals with para-suicidal ideation were selected as participants for this research. Data was collected using open-ended interviews. A thematic approach was used in data analysis.The findings suggest that mental disorders, socio-economic challenges, biological factors, family problems, bullying and peer victimisation are some of the contributing factors to suicidal attempts. The study recommends paying attention to the warning signs of suicide in individuals. Mental illnesses stemming from socio-economic conditions, infidelity, and other root causes of suicidal ideation are prevalent in this country, particularly among young people who are disproportionately affected. Providing relevant support and conducting more awareness campaigns among young people are essential steps forward. This article offers academic perspectives on the challenges encountered by a large proportion of young individuals in South Africa who are impacted by socio-economic difficulties, alongside examining the government’s involvement. Keywords: Suicide, African Youth, Mental Health, Socio-Economic Challenges, Mental Disorder, Inequality.