Bio-guided Isolation, Purification and Chemical Characterization of Epigallocatechin; Epicatechin, Stigmasterol, Phytosterol from of Ethyl Acetate Stem Bark Fraction of Spondias mombin (Linn.)

Abstract

Spondias mombin (Linn.) is a widely cultivated edible plant used in folkloric medicine for the treatment of severe infection and health disorders. This research work was carried out to isolation, purification and chemical characterization the bioactive constituents of the ethyl acetate stem bark fraction of Spondias mombin (Linn.), a medicinally important plant of the Anacardiaceae family. This study revealed the presence of flavonoid and steroids, which have been found to be important hormone regulators which possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties. The chemical investigation resulted in the isolation of (C 15 H 14 O 6. ) 5, 7, 3', 4'-pentahydroxy flavanol (Epicatechin), (C 15 H 14 O 7 .) Epigallocatechin (C 29 H 48 O.), Stigmasterol phytosterol. It is here reported isolated from Spondias mombin for the first time, this makes the Spondias mombin very important medicinal plant in Nigeria and west Africa. EGC and EC arts as a strong inhibitor of HIV replication in cultured peripheral blood cells and inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in vitro. EGC binds directly to CD4 molecules with consequent inhibition of Gp 120 binding and inactivate viruses in-vitro by deformation of phospholipids. Stigmasterol phytosterol have been shown to lower/reduce blood cholesterol and this lowering may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. The structure was elucidated using two dimensional NMR spectroscopy, NMR ( 1 H, 13 C) spectroscopy in combination with Infra-red (IR) and Mass spectrometer (MS) spectra data.