article · Chemical Engineering Journal
Most metal-organic frameworks exist as powders, which restricts their practical use in industrial settings. A binder-free three-dimensional printing method processes cellulose-framework composites through a one-pot technique involving gel formation, printing, and in-situ crystal growth. This approach achieves a high framework loading of 67.5 weight percent. The resulting porous structures act as recyclable adsorbents for carbon dioxide, heavy metals, and dyes, while also serving as catalysts to degrade water pollutants. In evaluations, the structures removed over 99 percent of organic dyes within ten minutes, showing high selectivity towards anionic dyes like methyl blue. They also demonstrated carbon dioxide adsorption of 0.63 mmol/g and heavy metal uptake between 8 and 328 mg/g. Importantly, the intact printed materials can be separated and recovered easily after use without requiring secondary filtration or centrifugation steps.
Metal-organic frameworks offer valuable capabilities for capturing greenhouse gases and removing industrial toxins, but their standard powder form makes recovery challenging. Shaping these compounds into durable, porous three-dimensional structures without binders allows rapid wastewater remediation and carbon dioxide capture, whilst enabling straightforward physical retrieval without the need for energy-intensive filtration or centrifugation equipment.
This work demonstrates an applied, laboratory-tested method for air purification and wastewater treatment. Target users include industrial effluent treatment facilities and carbon capture operators seeking to strip heavy metals, degrade dyes, or capture carbon dioxide. The binder-free printed form eliminates the need for post-treatment filtration machinery, though the technology remains at an early experimental stage and requires validation under continuous, high-volume flow conditions.
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have advanced several applications, including energy, biomedical and environmental remediation. However, most of the reported MOF materials are in powder form limiting their applications. This study reported the processing of MOF via three-dimensional (3D) printing of cellulose-MOFs (denoted as CelloMOFs). The 3D printing procedure involved a one-pot method including three steps: gel formation, 3D printing, and in-situ growth of MOF crystals. This procedure offered 3D printing of CelloMOF via a binder-free method with high loading of 67.5 wt%. The 3D-printed porous structures were used as adsorbents for carbon dioxide (CO2), dye, and heavy metal ions. They can be also used as catalysts for the degradation of water pollutants such as organic dyes. The materials can be separated easily without requiring extra procedures such as centrifugation or filtration. The materials offered complete (>99%) removal of organic dyes within 10 min with high selectivity toward anionic dyes e.g, methyl blue (MeB). The materials exhibited CO2 and heavy metal ions adsorption capacities of 0.63 mmol/g (27.7 mg/g) and 8–328 mg/g, respectively, with good recyclability. Our methodology will open new venues for advanced 3D printing of CelloMOF and its applications for water treatment and air purification.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.143567
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