article · Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture
This review examines the use of plant-derived polyphenols as functional feed additives in aquaculture. These compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, have shown beneficial effects on fish performance, immunity, and overall health. The article discusses their applications, optimal dosages, and potential side effects across various fish species, impacting growth, body composition, immune responses, disease resistance, reproductive performance, and fillet quality. Polyphenols operate through antioxidant and pro-oxidant pathways, modulating gene expression and immune parameters. The evidence strongly suggests that natural polyphenols are safe and viable alternatives to synthetic chemicals and antibiotics, enhancing fish health, quality, productivity, and food safety while reducing environmental chemical loads.
This research is important because it highlights natural, sustainable ways to improve fish health and production in aquaculture. By reducing reliance on synthetic chemicals and antibiotics, it contributes to safer food for consumers and a healthier aquatic environment, addressing critical concerns in global food systems.
This work supports the development of natural, plant-derived functional feed additives for the aquaculture industry. Fish farmers and feed manufacturers could utilise these polyphenol-rich products to enhance fish health, growth, and quality. The research indicates these are viable alternatives to synthetic chemicals, suggesting they are near-market or ready for applied testing and formulation into commercial feed products.
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Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds with known biological activities and potential health benefits. Over the past decade, there are an increasing number of studies have investigated the application of polyphenols and polyphenol-rich additives in aquaculture as functional feed additives. There are several types of polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes of widely known beneficial influences on the overall performances and immunity of fish, and thereby improving the health status and production of fish farms. This review discusses the beneficial applications, optimum recommended dose, and potential side effects of these natural compounds on the growth performance, proximate body composition, immune responses, disease resistance, reproductive performance, and fillet quality of different fish species. Also, it points out that the biological functions and mechanisms associated with the polyphenolic compounds involved in the pathways of antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities, as well as the modulation of gene expression and different immune parameters. The output of this review article provided overwhelming evidence to support the claim that natural polyphenols can be considered as relatively safe and viable alternatives to synthetic chemical compounds that not only to improve the fish health status but also to enhance the fish quality, productivity, and food safety while reducing the use of chemicals and antibiotics in the aquatic eco-systems.
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DOI: 10.1080/23308249.2020.1818689
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