article · Cureus
Historical data on antimicrobial consumption in Tanzania prior to the 2017 National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance have been scarce, limiting insights into long-term usage trends. A retrospective longitudinal study evaluated antimicrobial import records from the Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority between 1998 and 2005. Applying the World Health Organisation Defined Daily Dose methodology, consumption was measured in defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day. Across the study period, annual systemic consumption varied between 0.45 and 13.32 defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day, resulting in a cumulative total of 51.9. Antibacterials represented 82.6 percent of all consumed medicines, with oral formulations and antibiotics in the Access category accounting for the majority of use. These historical findings deliver an essential baseline to guide and assess future antimicrobial stewardship programmes in Tanzania.
Tracking medicine consumption patterns over time helps public health authorities understand medicine usage trends and combat antimicrobial resistance. By establishing a national baseline from historical import records, healthcare planners can better evaluate the impact of policy interventions, such as National Action Plans, and refine future guidelines to promote the responsible use of essential treatments.
The abstract outlines retrospective public health epidemiological research and does not indicate a direct product application or commercialisation pathway. However, the baseline data may assist public health agencies, regulators, and non-governmental organisations in tailoring national stewardship frameworks and tracking long-term pharmaceutical demand.
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Background Antimicrobial consumption (AMC) data in Tanzania prior to the 2017 National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (NAP-AMR) are scarce, limiting our understanding of historical usage patterns. Objective To establish a national baseline of systemic AMC in Tanzania from 1998 to 2005 using the World Health Organization's Defined Daily Dose (DDD) methodology. Methods A retrospective longitudinal analysis of antimicrobial import records from the Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority was conducted, expressing consumption as DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DID). Results Between 1998 and 2005, annual AMC ranged from 0.45 to 13.32 DID, predominantly antibacterials (82.6%), with cumulative consumption of 51.9 DID. Oral formulations and Access category antibiotics dominated usage. Conclusion These historical AMC estimates provide a valuable benchmark for contextualizing and informing future antimicrobial stewardship efforts in Tanzania.
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DOI: 10.7759/cureus.98729
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