Benchmarking on Aloe vera Gel Extraction

Abstract

<em>Aloe vera</em> gel is composed of more than 70% saccharide and polysaccharides is the transparent mucilage contained in the parenchymal cells of the fresh <em>Aloe vera</em> leaf. This study objective was to produce a comparison of a set of extraction methods of <em>Aloe vera</em> in the literature. The methodology used is the synthesis of a set of scientific articles, theses, dissertations dealing with the issue of <em>Aloe vera</em> gel extraction. The databases used are (Science Direct, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate). This work studied 6 types of extractions (traditional extraction, Soxhlet extraction, Organic solvent extraction, Ultrasonic extraction, Supercritical extraction and Microwave). These types of extractions were evaluated on several parameters, namely: extraction principles, solvents, extraction time, yield, liquid ratio, gel efficiency and number of extractions. The analysis shows that the quality and yield of <em>Aloe vera</em> gel depends on the type of extraction it undergoes, organic solvent extraction which are: yield, which is 20.67 per kg, liquid ratio 1:15, number of extraction 2 times. Although other extraction methods have some information like traditional extraction the efficiency of gel is poor, the same <em>Aloe vera </em>can undergo three times traditional extraction then Soxhlet extraction the efficiency is improved. Ultrasonic extraction has a high efficiency, 98.06% compared to organic solvent extraction whose yield is 90% and microwave extraction in ethanol solvent with yield of 80%. Each type of extraction has its own principle and the solvent to be used.