article · Microbiology Research International
An evaluation of surface waters in the Niger Delta examined the water quality and bacterial profiles of Bundu and Nembe Creeks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Testing revealed significant variations between the two sites across most water quality indicators, including salinity, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and oxygen demand metrics. Bundu Creek exhibited higher turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand, while Nembe Creek demonstrated higher salinity and electrical conductivity. Nembe Creek also contained higher counts of total heterotrophic bacteria and hydrocarbon-utilising bacteria compared to Bundu Creek. Across both locations, researchers identified several shared bacterial genera, including Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella. The findings confirm distinct environmental profiles and indicate bacterial contamination alongside the presence of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes in both water bodies.
Human activities increasingly threaten coastal and river ecosystems. Monitoring water quality and microbial populations in surface waters helps track environmental degradation and bacterial contamination. These assessments provide crucial baseline data that environmental managers and public health authorities require to design effective pollution control strategies and safeguard aquatic environments.
The abstract does not indicate an application pathway, as it is an early-stage baseline environmental monitoring study rather than a commercial product or applied service development.
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Surface waters in the Niger Delta are increasingly influenced by anthropogenic activities that may alter their physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics. This study assessed the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of Bundu and Nembe Creeks, Rivers State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from Bundu and Nembe Creeks and analysed for temperature, pH, salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria (HUB) were enumerated using standard microbiological methods. Representative bacterial isolates were characterized using conventional morphological, biochemical, and physiological procedures. Significant differences were observed between the two creeks in pH, salinity, EC, turbidity, DO, BOD5, and COD (P < 0.05), whereas temperature did not differ significantly (P = 0.215). Bundu Creek recorded higher turbidity (10.96 ± 0.14 NTU), DO (3.58 ± 0.36 mg/L), BOD5 (6.83 ± 0.03 mg/L), and COD (38.13 ± 0.85 mg/L), whereas Nembe Creek recorded higher salinity (5.58 ± 0.22‰) and EC (4520.00 ± 358.89 μS/cm). THB and HUB populations were higher in Nembe Creek (9.52 × 105 ± 6.30 × 105 and 2.20 × 104 ± 1.15 × 103 CFU/mL, respectively) than in Bundu Creek (4.36 × 104 ± 3.82 × 103 and 1.20 × 104 ± 8.16 × 102 CFU/mL, respectively). Eleven bacterial taxa were recovered from Bundu Creek and six from Nembe Creek, with Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., and Klebsiella sp. occurring in both creeks. Overall, Bundu and Nembe Creeks exhibited distinct physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics, with evidence of bacterial contamination and the presence of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria. Continued monitoring and appropriate pollution-control measures are recommended to protect the ecological integrity and public-health quality of these aquatic environments.
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22640608
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