Assessment of vitamin D in erectile dysfunction patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Aims: Erectile dysfunction (ED) pathophysiology is a multifactorial condition that is primarily characterized by a vascular disorder that is related to a decrease in endothelial function. We aimed to assess the relation among erectile dysfunction (ED) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Vit D) levels in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This case–control study was directed on 20 male T2DM patients of at least 5 years’ duration, aged 20–60 years, and 20 age-matched healthy controls over a period of one year. All participants were obtained written informed consent before enrollment. All participants underwent full history taking, contain marital and sexual history (libido, frequency, morning erection, orgasm, ejaculation), smoking habits, demographic data, medical history, surgical history, and drug history (antihypertensives, lipid-lowering drugs, and prior ED treatment) A complete general and genital examination (penis, scrotum, testes, epididymis, and cord) was performed. Results: A significant positive correlation was observed among serum Vit D levels and both erectile function (IIEF, p=0.007, r=0.584) and penile hemodynamic parameter PSV (pgreater0.001, r=0.848). On the contrary, Vit D was inversely correlated with CAIMT (pgreater0.001, r=−0.719), EDV (p=0.029, r=−0.536), and cavernous IMT (p greater 0.001, r=−0.904), indicating its protective vascular role. Regarding laboratory findings, Vit D displayed a significant negative correlation with HbA1c (p=0.013, r=−0.546). Utilizing ROC curve for recognition of best cut off point for Vit D in differentiating control groups and cases, 28.64 ng/mL was detected to have best specificity and sensitivity (65.0% and 70.0% separately). Total accuracy was observed to be 67.5%. Conclusion: A significant correlation among erectile dysfunction and 25(OH)D deficit in T2DM men. This correlation may be because of 25(OH)D impact on endothelial dysfunction and glycemia.