Assessment of the Oral Condition of the Congolese Population Based on 688 Orthopantomograms at the Biamba Marie Mutombo Hospital in Kinshasa: Cross-Sectional Hospital Study

Abstract

Background and objective: Oral pathologies are part of dangerous diseases and increase the economic burden of households in the Democratic Republic of Congo.The objective of this study is to establish an orthopantomographic profile (OPT) of the oral and dental condition of the population of Kinshasa.Methods: Documentary and descriptive cross-sectional study which included 688 medical files of patients who underwent OPT at the Biamba Marie Mutombo Hospital (BMMH) over a period of 24 months, from January 2020 to January 2022.Data such as age, sex and oral condition were studied.Results: the teeth of the incisor-canine sector were the most present in the mouth and were the least affected.We also note a high proportion of missing wisdom teeth, whether mandibular or maxillary.The 2nd premolars and the 1st maxillary molars are most often absent.The most dilapidated teeth were those of the posterior mandibular or maxillary sector, particularly the premolars and two first molars.We note that the teeth in the posterior, mandibular or maxillary sector were those which benefited the most from composite treatment.Conclusion: This study shows that despite the dental care of patients, the dental condition of the population of Kinshasa is dilapidated.