article · BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY GOMBE
Malaria remains a major public health threat in Sub-Saharan Africa, where chemical vector control faces increasing challenges from insecticide resistance. A study assessed the susceptibility of malaria vectors to common pyrethroids in the Awai and Putoki communities of Southern Gombe State. Mosquito larvae were collected from breeding sites, reared to adulthood, and exposed to standard diagnostic concentrations of alphacypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin. Across both communities, Anopheles pretoriensis was the dominant species, followed by Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, Anopheles maculipalpis, and Anopheles rufipes. Exposure assays demonstrated marked resistance to all three chemicals. Vector mortality in Awai was 49 per cent for alphacypermethrin, 33 per cent for deltamethrin, and 66 per cent for permethrin. In Putoki, vector mortality reached 59 per cent, 13 per cent, and 48 per cent, respectively. The data highlight an urgent requirement for resistance management and alternative vector control interventions.
Pyrethroid insecticides are the primary active ingredients used in long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying programmes across Africa. When local mosquito vectors develop resistance to these chemicals, conventional prevention strategies lose their protective value. Demonstrating the extent of resistance at the community level provides essential evidence for public health bodies seeking to replace failing insecticides with more effective alternatives.
This research represents early-stage entomological monitoring rather than a commercial technology. The findings directly concern public health agencies, vector control programmes, and developers of agrochemicals or public health pesticides. By demonstrating high pyrethroid failure rates, the data support the operational demand and market case for deploying next-generation insecticides, synergist-treated bed nets, or alternative biological and non-chemical control products in the region.
AI-generated from the published abstract. Always read the original work before citing.
Malaria is a major public health threat in Sub-Saharan Africa. Chemical-based vector control is threatened by the emergence of insecticide resistance. The study was conducted to assess the susceptibility of malaria vectors to pyrethroids in Awai and Putoki communities of Southern Gombe state. Anopheles larvae were collected from the breeding sites and reared to adults. Two to three-day-old, non-engorged female mosquitoes were exposed to Aphacypermethrin (0.05%), Deltamethrin (0.05%) and Permethrin (0.75%) WHO impregnated papers. An. pretoriensis constitute 359(59.8%) of the mosquitoes identified, followed by An. gambiae sl. 91(15.2%), An. maculipalpis 68(11.3%) and An. rufipes 43(7.2%). Moreover, An. pretoriensis was the dominant species collected in both Awai and Putoki communities, constituting 136(45.3%) and 223(74.3%) respectively. The percentage mortalities of the mosquitoes from the Awai community subjected to Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, and Permethrin were 49, 33 and 66% respectively. On the other hand, the mosquitoes from Putoki showed mortality of 59, 13 and 48% when subjected to Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin and Permethrin, respectively. Insecticide-resistant management needs to be implemented, and an alternative vector control strategy needs to be sought in order to sustain the gains achieved in malaria vector control.
This page summarises published work. The authoritative version sits with the publisher.
DOI: 10.64290/bima.v9i3b.1368
Is something wrong with this record? Report it or request removal.
Discussion
Have you built on this work, tried to replicate it, or seen it applied in practice? Share what you know. Verified researchers and MARATTO™ domain experts can open a discussion, and any member can reply. Contributions are reviewed before they appear.
No discussion yet. Open the first thread.
New to MARATTO™? Create a free account.
