ASSESSMENT OF BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AMONG LACTATING MOTHERS IN NASSARAWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KANO STATE

Abstract

Breastfeeding is a cornerstone of child survival, growth, and development, yet exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates in Nigeria remain suboptimal. This cross-sectional study assessed breastfeeding practices among 242 lactating mothers in Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State. Data were collected using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS (version 25). Descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests, were applied at a significance level of p<0.05. Findings revealed that 61.6% of mothers, initiated breastfeeding within the first hour after birth, while 67.8% fed their infants colostrum. Approximately 79.3% practiced exclusive breastfeeding, though only 65.1% sustained it for the recommended six months. Responsive breastfeeding practices were mixed: 80.6% practiced rooming-in, but only 47.9% breastfed on demand. Prelacteal feeding was reported by 21% of mothers, primarily involving water, honey, and herbal preparations, contrary to WHO/UNICEF guidelines. Significant associations were observed between breastfeeding practices and maternal socio-demographic factors, including age, parity, education, income, and occupation. Mothers with higher education and stable occupations were more likely to initiate early breastfeeding, sustain EBF, and avoid harmful practices. Despite relatively high initiation and colostrum use rates, EBF duration remains below the WHO target of 50% coverage by 2025. Cultural norms, socioeconomic conditions, and maternal employment were key barriers. This study underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to address socio-cultural and economic barriers to optimal breastfeeding. Strengthening community education, healthcare counseling, and workplace breastfeeding support can significantly improve child nutrition outcomes in the study area.