Assessment of Age Changes in Corneal Endothelial Cell Count among Emmetropes Using Non-Contact Specular Microscope in Suez Canal University Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic

Abstract

Introduction: The majority of the cells that line the back of Descemet's membrane and the inside of the anterior chamber of the human eye are hexagonal, non-regenerating cells that make up the endothelium of the cornea. These cells are found in the cornea. In order to preserve the clarity of the cornea, the metabolically active endothelium pumps water out of the stroma and into the aqueous humour, maintaining the stroma at a degree of dehydration that is 70% water. Objective: The purpose of the study is to compare the number and shape of corneal endothelial cells in emmetropic people of varying ages. Patients and Methods: This study involved eighty eyes of forty subjects classified into 5 age groups. Evaluation of corneal endothelium in emmetropic participants was performed by specular microscopy. Results: Among the five age groups studied, there was a statistically significant variation in endothelial cell density (ECD). The HEX% varies significantly between the five age groups, and we found that the CV% rises with age. Conclusion: We identified statistically significant differences in ECD and shape between age groups, suggesting that age has a major impact on corneal endothelial cells.