Assessment in Medical Education: Review and Critical Appraisal of Various Formats

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The attention given to improving the art and science of teaching methods in medical education is increasing without corresponding attention to evaluation and assessment, which are the final key components of any learning process that aim to determine whether the set objectives of the learning process have been achieved or not. This review discusses various formats of assessment in clinical medicine, their merits and demerits, and how to improve the objectivity, validity, and reliability of various formats. Methods: This discussion article was compiled based on observations and experiences of teachers of medical training over the years in assessing medical students and resident doctors. Also, relevant literature from internet were reviewed and findings from personal interviews of senior examiners in both undergraduate and postgraduate medical colleges were included. Conclusion: There are various assessment formats and evaluations in medical education and using a single assessment format may not be sufficient to assess various components of the training thus careful selection and combinations of various formats should be employed based on the set objectives, requirements, and purpose of the assessment.