Assessing the Impact of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) on Growth Performance, Anti-Oxidative, and Immune Activities in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i>)

Abstract

Abstract In this study, the basal diet was supplemented with ethanolic extract of purslane ( Portulaca oleracea L.) and the possible effects on growth performance, anti-oxidative, and immune activities of grass carp were evaluated. Fish with initial weight 1.23 ± 0.11 g were randomly divided into four groups (triplicates) and fed purslane extract at 0% (T0), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2), and 1.5% (T3) for 56 days. At the end of the feeding trial, the results showed that growth parameters were enhanced in T1 groups compared to the control group (P&lt;0.05). Lipase activity in T1 and T2 groups increased, whereas no significant changes were noticed in cases of amylase and protease activities (P&gt;0.05). Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were enhanced in all groups fed the supplemented diets in comparison with the control group (P&lt;0.05). However, no significant alteration was noticed in the case of glutathione peroxidase activity following the administration of purslane extract (P&gt;0.05). A significant increase in total immunoglobulin level was noted in the T1 group, but lysozyme activity was higher in T1 and T2 groups compared to the control group (P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of grass carp diet with the purslane ethanolic extract, especially at 0.5%, can improve growth performance, lipase activity, the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the immune response of grass carp fingerlings.