Arabic Translation and Adaptation of the CVID_QoL Questionnaire to Measure Health-RelatedQuality of Life of Adultswith Common Variable Immune Deficiency

Abstract

Introduction:Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID) is the most frequent symptomatic inborn error of immunity, associated with recurrent infections, autoimmunity, and malignancy. These complications substantially impair health-related quality of life (HRQoL). To date, no disease-specific HRQoL instrument has been validated in Arabic. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the CVID_QoL questionnaire for Arabic-speaking patients. Methods: The CVID_QoL was translated and adapted into Arabic according to international cross-cultural guidelines. A pilot test was performed, followed by administration of the pre-final version to 20 adults with CVID at Abderrahim El Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and test–retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity was evaluated through Pearson’s correlations with the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GH-12) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Discriminant validity was tested using the Mann–Whitney U test across clinical subgroups. Results: The Arabic CVID_QoL showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.91) and excellent test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.88). Convergent validity was confirmed by significant correlations between CVID_QoL domains and GH-12 and SF-36 scores (e.g., emotional functioning with SF-36 mental health, r = 0.65, p< 0.001). Discriminant validity was established by significantly lower scores among patients with recurrent infections, pulmonary complications, or autoimmunity (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The Arabic CVID_QoL is a reliable and valid tool for measuring HRQoL in Arabic-speaking adults with CVID. It provides a valuable contribution for both clinical care and research. Larger, multicenter studies are recommended to further confirm its utility.