Application of Robust Super Twisting to Load Frequency Control of a Two-Area System Comprising Renewable Energy Resources

Abstract

The main concern of the present article is to design a robust load frequency control for a two-area power system (TAPS) comprising renewable energy resources. Three different controllers are suggested. The first is based on a robust super twisting (ST) technique, which is an enhanced approach of the sliding mode control and is considered to be one of the most excellent control techniques. The second and the third are based on two recent metaheuristic techniques, namely the one-to-one based optimizer (OOBO) and hippopotamus optimizer (HO). The studied TAPS contains different energy resources, such as solar thermal, photovoltaic, wind energy, hydropower and energy storage in addition to other conventional sources. The OOBO and HO are used to determine the parameters of PI controllers, and the objective function is to minimize the integral square error of frequency and tie line power. The obtained results verify the high performance of the suggested three controllers with superiority to ST because of its intrinsic capability to cope with parameter changes.