review · Food Science & Nutrition
Moringa oleifera seeds and seed oil contain bioactive compounds with documented anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Extracts derived from the seeds display cytotoxic effects against human malignancies, including breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. These extracts limit cancer cell proliferation and trigger programmed cell death via several signalling pathways, generating intracellular reactive oxygen species and stimulating caspase-3 activity. Specific compounds, including moringin and avenanthramide 2f, activate caspases 2, 4, 8, and 9 to suppress cancer cell growth. Beyond oncology, flavonoids found in moringa seeds remove mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which helps protect beta cells and aids in controlling hyperglycaemia. Additionally, moringa seed oil offers protective benefits against cardiovascular diseases by reducing malondialdehyde formation and modulating protective cardiac enzymes, specifically superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.
Cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases represent major global health challenges. Understanding how natural compounds in moringa seeds counteract tumour cells, protect insulin-producing beta cells, and manage oxidative stress in cardiac tissues provides researchers with biological mechanisms. This knowledge supports the exploration of plant-derived agents for treating or managing complex chronic diseases.
The findings represent early-stage mechanistic research that could inform pharmaceutical and nutraceutical developers targeting oncology, diabetes, and cardiovascular health. Identified bioactive compounds, such as moringin, could serve as leads for drug discovery or functional health products. However, because the abstract reports foundational laboratory mechanisms and cellular targets rather than clinical trial data or scaled extraction processes, commercial applications remain distant from real-world use.
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<i>Moringa oleifera,</i> a widely recognized plant more commonly known as moringa, has obtained significant research interest in recent years due to its prospective physiological advantages, including its claimed ability to counteract carcinogenesis. The moringa plant has been found to possess bioactive components that exhibit promising anticancer activities against different human cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc. The cytotoxic properties of moringa seed extracts on cancerous cells have also been provided in this paper along with other notable health benefits. The extracts derived from moringa seeds inhibit cancer proliferation and promote cancer cell apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways. They also stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subsequently induced caspase-3 activity. The impact of moringin and avenanthramide 2f on the stimulation of caspases 2, 4, 8, and 9 results in reduction in the proliferation of cancer cells. The results reported by research studies hold significant implications for identifying and targeting specific molecular entities that could serve as potential therapeutic targets in search of effective cancer treatments. Furthermore, the flavonoids in moringa seed can remove mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, protecting beta cells and bringing hyperglycemia under control. <i>M. oleifera</i> seed oil can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases via reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and modulation of cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. This article provides a comprehensive summary of the noteworthy discoveries derived from a rigorous investigation that explored into the impact of moringa seeds on the prevention/reduction of various cancers and other complex diseases.
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DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4312
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