Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of Olea europaea L. and Zingiber officinale in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Bearing Swiss Albino Mice

Abstract

Cancer kills 10 million people worldwide. In traditional medicine, antioxidant and anticancer plants are used for many ailments. Examining the effectiveness of olive leaf extract and ginger extract in eradicating mice. The main objective of this study was to establish an Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor model. Eighty mice were separated into eight groups (n = 10) normal control, and (EAC control, standard, OLET, OLAQ, GE, OLAQ+GE, and OLET+GE) that are given 150 mg/kg of the extracts daily for 14 days after tumor induction. The mice were sacrificed, and serum and tissues were collected. All groups were tested for biochemical parameters, cell cycle progression, P53 gene expression, and interleukin-10 levels. Oral olive leaf extract (OLE) and ginger extract (GE) significantly reduced IL-10 levels. The treated groups had increased p53 gene expression and apoptosis. Compared to EAC mice, olive leaf and ginger extracts show in vivo anticancer efficacy and normalize biochemical marker levels. The GC/MS results for the chemical extracts of aqueous and ethanolic olive and ethanolic ginger plants confirmed and endorsed the results of the biological effect assay, with olive leaves and ginger having a greater phenolic content suppressing EAC growth more effectively.