Anti-nociceptive and antiurolithiatic activities of gum exudates from Moroccan Acacia tortilis ssp. raddiana (Savi) Brenan on ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in rodents

Abstract

Acacia tortilis ssp. raddiana gum (G-ATR) is traditionally used in North African medicine for its various therapeutic properties. However, its potential effects on pain management and kidney stone prevention remain underexplored. This study aims to evaluate, for the first time, the antinociceptive and antiurolithiatic activities of G-ATR exudate. This research investigates the ability of G-ATR to alleviate pain and prevent kidney stone formation. By assessing its effects on nociceptive responses in mice and its protective role against renal lithiasis in rats, the study seeks to provide scientific validation for its traditional use and explore its therapeutic potential. The antinociceptive activity of G-ATR was assessed in mice following oral administration of increasing doses (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg) of gum dissolved in distilled water. For the antiurolithiatic evaluation, renal lithiasis was induced in rats using ethylene glycol (0.75 %) and ammonium chloride (2 %). The animals were treated with G-ATR at doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg. Biochemical parameters were measured, and histological analyses of kidney sections were performed to assess the presence of crystals. The administration of G-ATR significantly reduced pain in mice, indicating its antinociceptive potential. In the lithiasis model, G-ATR normalized altered biochemical parameters and demonstrated an antilithiasic effect by preventing the formation of kidney crystals, as confirmed by histological examination. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of G-ATR in pain relief and kidney stone prevention. Its ability to alleviate renal lithiasis and reduce nociception suggests that this natural exudate could serve as a promising alternative for managing urolithiasis and pain-related conditions. • The antinociceptive and antiurolithiatic effects of Acacia tortilis ssp. raddiana exudate (G-ATR) were evaluated in vivo. •G-ATR exhibited antinociceptive activity in mice at doses of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg. •Antiurolithiatic activity was observed in rats treated with G-ATR at doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg. •Treatment with G-ATR restored biochemical parameters altered by renal lithiasis. •Histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in renal crystal deposition following G-ATR administration.