Anti-Biofilm Impact of Anabasis articulata (Forssk) Moq. Total Methanol Extract Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates

Abstract

Anabasis articulata (Forssk) Moq. is a rich bioactive member of Family Amaranthaceae. GC/MS analysis of Anabasis articulata methyl esters fraction notified twenty known fatty acids, including n-hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and tetradecanoic acid as major constituents. Chromatography analysis of successive fractions revealed the isolation of β-sitosterol 1 from its unsaponifiable fraction, caffeine 2 form its methylene chloride fraction, and 4-acetoxy phenol 3 from the ethyl acetate one. Structural elucidation of these isolates was performed by IR, EI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. Compounds 2 and 3 were isolated for the first time from Anabasis articulata (Forssk) Moq. Meanwhile, methanol extract of the tested plant showed weak total phenolic content. Environmental adaptation of pathogenic microbes through formation of resistible biofilm is constructing a dramatic health hazard, which demanded the exploration of more microbial resisting treatments. One successful strategy is the use of Phytoextracts as noncytotoxic, microbial biofilm inhibitors. Adopting the broth microdilution method, Anabasis articulata (Forssk) Moq. methanol extract (AAME) showed antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates at range of 32 to 256 µg/mL minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The inhibiting efficiency of AAME against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation was concluded at a concentration of half its MIC value using the crystal violet assay (CVA). Our results illustrate the ability of this extract to cutback the percentage of strong, and moderate biofilm forming P. aeruginosa clinical isolates from 41.18 % to 17.65 % and candidate it as futural antibiofilm agent.