Ant Community Structure in the Edough Massif, Northeastern Algeria

Abstract

Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are integral components of terrestrial ecosystems, contributing to biological regulation, pollination, and soil bioturbation. Their diversity serves as a valuable indicator of ecosystem functioning. This study examines ant assemblages in northeastern Algeria, focusing on the Edough Massif (Annaba Province). Fieldwork was conducted from 2022 to 2024 using two complementary sampling techniques: manual collection and Barber traps, which were collected twice weekly. The study was conducted from March to July at two ecologically contrasting sites, Seraidi and Treat. 3183 individuals representing 15 species were recorded at Seraidi, while 3,356 individuals belonging to 11 species were documented at Treat. All taxa fell within three subfamilies (Myrmicinae, Formicinae, and Dorylinae), with Myrmicinae dominating both sites. Diversity indices revealed greater richness and overall diversity at Seraidi (H’ = 2.54; E = 0.94), whereas Treat, although less affluent, exhibited slightly higher evenness (H’ = 2.29; E = 0.96). These findings underscore the ecological significance of Edough’s ant communities and highlight the influence of habitat heterogeneity on species composition and community structure.