Anisotropic f(Q) gravity model with bulk viscosity

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamics of a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic LRS Bianchi type-I Universe with viscous fluid in the framework of [Formula: see text] symmetric teleparallel gravity. We assume a linear form for [Formula: see text] and introduce hypotheses regarding the relationship between the expansion and shear scalars, as well as the Hubble parameter and bulk viscous coefficient. The model is constrained using three observational datasets: the Hubble dataset (31 data points), the Pantheon SN dataset (1048 data points), and the BAO dataset (6 data points). The calculated cosmological parameters indicate expected behavior for matter-energy density and bulk viscous pressure, supporting the universe’s accelerating expansion. Diagnostic tests suggest that the model aligns with a [Formula: see text]CDM model in the far future and resides in the quintessence region. These findings are consistent with recent observational data and contribute to our understanding of cosmic evolution within the context of modified gravity and bulk viscosity.