Analyzing ASTERIX Radar Data Fusion in ATC: Evaluating Synchronization, Visualization, and Latency

Abstract

This paper conducts a simulation study of the conventional data fusion process used in air traffic control (ATC), specifically focusing on radar data formatted according to ASTERIX (All Purpose Structured EUROCONTROL Surveillance Information Exchange standard) adopted by Eurocontrol. By isolating radar-based fusion, we systematically analyze key limitations in synchronization and visualization, identifying critical gaps such as data latency, spatial misalignment, and reduced situational awareness. Through controlled simulations, we evaluate the operational impact of these challenges, providing quantitative insights into the constraints of existing processing systems. This study establishes a structured evaluation of ATC data fusion methodologies, identifying key limitations and laying the groundwork for future advancements through AI/ML-driven approaches. By identifying performance gaps and analyzing their implications, our work advances radarbased ATC systems, paving the way for more adaptive and efficient air traffic management solutions.