Analysis of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. fruit powder's antioxidant and phytochemical properties

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and phytochemical properties of Kigelia africana fruit powder. Fresh K. africana fruit was air-dried and processed into powder. K. africana fruit powder contained saponins (35.86 mg/100 g-1), tannins (106.1 mg/100 g-1), phenols (1340.6 mg/100 g-1), flavonoids (985.11 mg/100 g-1), steroids (81.20 mg/100 g-1), glycosides (18.32 mg/100 g-1), triterpenes (90.65 mg/100 g-1), and alkaloids (51.22 mg/100 g-1). The study found that phenolic chemicals were the most concentrated, followed by flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, and glycosides. The antioxidant activities of Kigella africana fruit meal revealed that it contains lipid peroxidation (71.80%), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (56.02%), vitamin C (6.22%), 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic acid) (ABTS) (26.11%), and hydroxyl radical inhibition (45.92%). Therapeutically, the phytochemicals revealed that K. africana fruit has antihelminthic, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antifungal, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective, hepatostimulatory, analgesic, and anticarcinogenic properties. The presence of lipid peroxidation, vitamin C, DPPH, and ABTS in Kigelia africana fruit indicates that it can be employed as an antioxidant supplement in animal diets.