Aedes aegypti breeding site typology and their productivity in the context of re-emergence of dengue in Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso

Abstract

Dengue has re-emerged in recent years in Burkina Faso, and the capital city Ouagadougou is the most affected city. In the absence of an effective vaccine and treatment, control of the Aedes vector through larval source management remains one of the key sustainable strategies for responding to dengue outbreaks. This study aims to determine the typology and keys Aedes immature productive water-holding containers in the city of Ouagadougou. A total of 240 households in the health districts of Bogodogo and Nongr-Massom were visited during the period from August to November 2021 and all the water-holding containers were inspected, characterised, and immature stages were collected. The stegomyia indices were estimated, and larval breeding sites typology and productivity were assessed. Aedes aegypti (>99%) was the predominant species and colonised various types of water-holding containers. However discarded containers and car tyres represented the most abundant and productive breeding sites (p < 0. 001). The main entomological risk indices, the Breteau index, container index and house index were all above WHO threshold values during the study period. These findings underscore the high entomological risk of dengue and other arboviral diseases transmission and highlight car tyres and discarded containers as key breeding sites to be targeted in the implementation of a sustainable arboviral disease control strategy in Burkina Faso.