review · Infection and Drug Resistance
This review focuses on Acinetobacter baumannii, a critical antibiotic-resistant pathogen that frequently causes biofilm-associated infections, particularly in hospital intensive care units. These infections, such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related infections, are difficult to treat due to the bacteria's capacity to form biofilms and develop antibiotic resistance. Biofilms, which are bacterial communities encased in an extracellular matrix on surfaces, play a crucial role in disease development and hinder treatment. Glucose is identified as the most important component for A. baumannii biofilm production. The review highlights the need for healthcare workers to prioritise infection prevention and carefully select treatments, including anti-biofilm strategies, to combat these challenging infections.
Acinetobacter baumannii poses a significant global health threat due to its antibiotic resistance and ability to form biofilms, making infections hard to treat. Understanding its biofilm formation is crucial for developing new strategies to prevent and manage these life-threatening hospital-acquired infections, protecting vulnerable patients.
This review identifies a critical problem in healthcare: the difficulty in treating Acinetobacter baumannii infections due to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. It highlights the need for novel antibiotics and anti-biofilm treatments, as well as improved infection prevention strategies. The abstract does not present a specific technology or product, but rather outlines a significant challenge that could drive early-stage research into new therapeutic agents or medical device coatings to prevent biofilm formation.
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Abstract: Acinetobacter species, particularly Acinetobacter baumannii , is the first pathogen on the critical priority list of pathogens for novel antibiotics to become a “red-alert” human pathogen. Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging global antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria that most typically causes biofilm-associated infections such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related infection, both of which are resistant to antibiotic therapy. A. baumannii’s capacity to develop antibiotic resistance mechanisms allows the organism to thrive in hospital settings, facilitating the global spread of multidrug-resistant strains. Although Acinetobacter infections are quickly expanding throughout hospital environments around the world, the highest concentration of infections occurs in intensive care units (ICUs). Biofilms are populations of bacteria on biotic or abiotic surfaces that are encased in the extracellular matrix and play a crucial role in pathogenesis, making treatment options more difficult. Even though a variety of biological and environmental elements are involved in the production of A. baumannii biofilms, glucose is the most important component. Biofilm-mediated A. baumannii infections are the most common type of A. baumannii infection associated with medical equipment, and they are extremely difficult to treat. As a result, health care workers (HCWs) should focus on infection prevention and safety actions to avoid A. baumannii biofilm-related infections caused by medical devices, and they should be very selective when using treatments in combination with anti-biofilms. Therefore, this review discusses biofilm formation in A. baumannii , its role in disease pathogenesis, and its antimicrobial resistance mechanism. Keywords: biofilm, Acinetobacter , A. baumannii , pathogenesis, antibiotics resistance
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DOI: 10.2147/idr.s332051
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