Abiotic Stress and Climate Change

Abstract

Climate change is intensifying abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and pollution, posing significant threats to agricultural productivity and ecosystem stability. In response to these challenges, technological innovation plays a crucial role in developing effective adaptation strategies. This contribution first examines the effects of abiotic stress on ecosystems and agricultural production, highlighting the biochemical and physiological impacts. It then explores emerging technological solutions, including artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, biotechnology, and machine learning-assisted crop selection. The analysis also considers the integration of predictive models and IoT technologies for the sustainable management of natural resources. Finally, a critical reflection and ethical limitations of the proposed solutions. Recommendations will be made to promote environmental policies aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and ESG standards, ensuring an effective and inclusive ecological transition.