article · Applied Organometallic Chemistry
Untreated industrial wastewater containing toxic pollutants like methyl orange poses severe risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems globally. To address this crisis, biosynthesized nanometallic materials have emerged as an eco-friendly and low-cost solution for wastewater treatment via photocatalytic degradation. Green nanoparticles utilise reactive radicals, specifically hydroxyl and superoxide species, to break down the dye into harmless water and carbon dioxide. An analysis of reported performance shows that degradation efficiency can reach 100 percent, with the quickest recorded reaction taking only two minutes. Plant extracts represent the most commonly utilised bioreductant for synthesizing these materials, while silver nanoparticles are the most widely deployed photocatalysts for degrading methyl orange in aquatic environments.
Industrial discharge accounts for major water contamination globally, driving severe health crises and environmental destruction. Using plant-based methods to create metallic nanoparticles offers a non-toxic, sustainable mechanism to detoxify industrial effluent. By breaking down persistent chemical dyes into harmless water and carbon dioxide, this approach supports sustainable water management and helps alleviate the growing threat of global water scarcity.
This technology targets industrial effluent treatment, particularly for manufacturing sectors discharging synthetic dyes into aquatic bodies. Potential users include industrial wastewater plant operators and environmental remediation services. Given that the underlying data comes from a review of laboratory-scale mechanisms, optimal times, and material efficiencies, the approach appears to be at an early-stage to applied research level, requiring engineering scale-up and validation in complex industrial settings before real-world adoption.
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Water is the source of life. But unfortunately, 80% of wastewater is discharged into the aquatic body untreated globally, of which industry is responsible for 70% of such water abstraction through the discharge of pollutants like methyl orange. According to the WWAP, water pollution kills 100 million individuals, 2 million marine animals, and seabirds yearly, and by 2025, it is forecasted that ~1000 million inhabitants in arid zones will experience severe water crisis, and thus, the security of water has become focal outcry due to daily environmental pollution escalation caused by rapid growth in industries and population. Recently, biosynthesized nanoparticles as photocatalysts have answered the call for sustainable treatment of methyl orange dye effluent through photodegradation because of their efficient photoactivity, inexpensiveness, and eco‐benignness. In this review, photocatalytic‐degradation mechanism and pathways of methyl orange in the aquatic environment in the presence of • OH − and • O 2 − using green nanoparticles were mechanistically discussed. The highest degradation efficiency was found to be 100%, the final mineralization products were H 2 O and CO 2 , and the least degradation time taken was 2 min with silver nanoparticles being the most commonly used degrader and plant extracts being the most commonly employed bioreductant for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles.
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DOI: 10.1002/aoc.7108
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