article · Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Researchers formulated an environmentally friendly nanoemulsion combining clove and thyme essential oils to target bacterial growth, biofilms, and cancer cells. Characterisation confirmed the creation of spherical nanoparticles measuring approximately 68.6 nanometres in diameter. Laboratory evaluations showed that the nanoemulsion inhibited bacterial strains at minimum concentrations between 6.25 and 25 milligrams per millilitre and achieved a 3.12 log reduction in biofilm cells, outperforming the standard emulsion form. In cellular cancer models, the formulation demonstrated notable anticancer effects against HepG2 liver and MCF-7 breast cancer lines. Against MCF-7 cells, the nanoemulsion showed higher cytotoxicity than the conventional chemotherapy drug taxol. This anticancer mechanism operated by elevating caspase 8 and 9 activities to trigger programmed cell death and by reducing the activity of VEGFR-2 more effectively than both the standard emulsion and taxol.
Bacterial biofilms and cancer cells often show strong resistance to standard treatments. By converting natural plant extracts into nano-sized droplets, this work enhances their biological activity against persistent pathogens and tumour cells. Demonstrating that botanical nanoemulsions can rival conventional chemotherapy agents like taxol in laboratory cell lines highlights promising avenues for developing alternative or complementary therapies.
This work points to prospective uses in biomedical sectors, including antimicrobial formulations and cancer therapeutics. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology developers could consider such essential oil nanoemulsions for drug delivery or topical antimicrobial treatments. However, the technology is currently at an early research stage, having been evaluated strictly in vitro on cell cultures and laboratory bacterial strains. Substantial in vivo animal trials and safety assessments are required before clinical or market translation can occur.
AI-generated from the published abstract. Always read the original work before citing.
Essential oil nanoemulsions have received much attention in the last period due to their ability to fight microbes and cancers. In the current study, clove and thyme essential oils CL+TH-emulsion and CL+TH-nanoemulsion were prepared through an eco-friendly method. The prepared CL+TH-nanoemulsion was characterized using DLS and TEM analyses. Results revealed that CL+TH-nanoemulsion droplets were spherical in shape and nanoform in size (68.6 nm) with PDI 0.281. MIC concentrations of CL+TH-nanoemulsion against tested bacteria were found to be between 6.25 to 25 mg/mL. After being exposed to MICs of CL+TH-emulsion and CL+TH-nanoemulsion, which additionally prompted 1.43 log and 3.12 log declines, accordingly, as opposed to untreated (Control), the number of cells grown in the generated biofilms decreased. Furthermore, CL+TH-nanoemulsion exhibited anticancer activity more than CL+TH-emulsion toward HepG2 and MCF-7. Also, the effect of CL+TH-nanoemulsion is more effective and significantly cytotoxic than taxol on MCF-7. Besides, both prepared emulsions increased the rate of apoptosis and decreased the cell viability % of MCF-7 by increasing the activity of caspases 8 and 9. Moreover, CL+TH-nano emulsion decreased the activity of VEGFR-2 in MCF-7 in a more pronounced manner than CL+TH-emulsion and taxol. Conclusions The prepared CL+TH-nanoemulsion had antibacterial, and antibiofilm as well as anticancer properties, which can be used in different biomedical applications after extensive studies in vivo.
This page summarises published work. The authoritative version sits with the publisher.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2023.12.001
Is something wrong with this record? Report it or request removal.
Discussion
Have you built on this work, tried to replicate it, or seen it applied in practice? Share what you know. Verified researchers and MARATTO™ domain experts can open a discussion, and any member can reply. Contributions are reviewed before they appear.
No discussion yet. Open the first thread.
New to MARATTO™? Create a free account.
