article · Results in Engineering
Researchers have designed a compact, two-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna operating within the millimetre-wave spectrum for fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications. The antenna uses an anti-parallel layout and occupies a compact footprint of 6 by 17.37 millimetres. By carefully managing mutual coupling and integrating a defected ground structure, the design achieves high port isolation of 65 decibels, with the ground modification contributing around 20 decibels of that improvement. Evaluated through simulations in both HFSS and CST software, the antenna operates over a wide frequency band from 34.1 to 39.7 gigahertz. Across this range, it delivers a gain of approximately 6 dBi and radiation efficiency exceeding 96 percent. These operational metrics make the design suitable for integration into 5G communication systems, particularly those operating across the 5G n260 and Ka bands.
Millimetre-wave 5G networks demand compact components that can transmit large volumes of data without interfering with neighbouring circuits. Combining multiple antennas on tiny chips often creates signal interference that degrades performance. This design demonstrates that clever layouts and ground structures can drastically reduce interference while sustaining high efficiency, supporting the development of smaller and more reliable high-frequency wireless hardware.
This antenna design is targeted at manufacturers and developers of 5G communication equipment operating in the n260 and Ka bands. Its compact size and high isolation make it a candidate for integration into mobile devices or compact base stations. Because the reported performance relies entirely on electromagnetic simulations in HFSS and CST rather than physical prototyping, the technology is currently at an early design stage and requires fabrication and laboratory validation before commercial deployment.
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Fifth-generation (5G) technology is extremely important in the current context since it seeks to fix the shortcomings of its predecessors, the 4G generation. To achieve this goal, this project entails constructing a small ultra-wideband (UWB) MIMO antenna featuring an anti-parallel layout, designed for operation within the millimeter-wave spectrum. Moreover, the investigation scrutinizes and fine-tunes the mutual coupling interaction between the two elements in detail. The presented MIMO antenna occupies a small footprint of 6 × 17.37 mm2. Despite its compact dimensions, this MIMO antenna provides an impressive isolation of 65 dB, attributed to the adequate inter-element spacing and the anti-parallel arrangement. Additionally, the integration of a defected ground structure (DGS) enhances isolation by approximately 20 dB. Furthermore, the proposed MIMO antenna demonstrates a satisfactory gain of approximately 6 dBi, boasting high efficiency surpassing 96 %, and lying between 34.1 and 39.7 GHz. The proposed antenna has undergone simulation and analysis utilizing both the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and Computer Simulation Technology (CST) in order to confirm its utility. Based on these findings, the suggested MIMO antenna appears to be well-suited for compatibility with 5G communication systems, specifically covering the n260 band (37–40 GHz) and the Ka-band.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2024.102466
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