A Dual-Band WBAN Antenna with Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) Reflector for Enhanced Gain in ISM Bands

Abstract

This research suggests a new dual-band antenna for Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) applications that incorporates a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS). The use of the FSS is to improve the performance of the antenna by acting as a reflector and is based on a Split Ring Resonator (SRR) design. In a free-space environment, the integration reduced the reflection coefficient (S11) to -60 dB at 2.45 GHz (F1) and -40 dB at 5.8 GHz (F2). Additionally, the gain increased significantly, reaching 4.31 dBi and 4.64 dBi at F1 and F2, respectively. When evaluated on a human tissue (ht) model, the antenna's performance was shown to be stable and safe, with average SAR values of 1.1 W/Kg and 0.48 W/Kg for 1g and 10g, respectively, at both frequencies. It is a promising solution for high-performance wearable devices because these values are significantly lower than the IEEE 802.15.6 Standard. It is noteworthy that this initial work used a multi-layer model to simulate the human body for biomedical patient tracking applications. For every simulation, CST Microwave Studio was utilized. These results will be validated in subsequent work using a collection of voxel models and experimental observations.