A comprehensive review on biogenic metallic, metal oxide and metal sulfide nanoparticles for water treatment and sensing applications

Abstract

Green nanotechnology has recently emerged as a fast-advancing and interdisciplinary topic of study. Adopting green synthesis is critical for ensuring environmental sustainability and promoting health and safety. This article offers a comprehensive examination of several manufacturing techniques used for biogenic materials. This study focusses on the use of microorganisms and plant extracts to develop biogenically synthesised materials, including metals, metal oxides , metal sulphides , and their composites. This strategy is seen as a more ecologically sustainable substitute for conventional chemical methods . This article presents a conclusion on the green synthesis of nanostructured materials and their many uses, such as the adsorption and degradation of pollutants. This paper also provides a concise overview of colorimetric, electrochemical, and fluorescence sensing methods used to assess water quality. A decade-long investigation has been carried out to thoroughly examine biogenic materials for diverse applications. Moreover, it also presents current advancements in biogenically synthesised materials. Finally, this study provides a critical analysis of the possible uses and future prospects of biogenically synthesised materials, as well as the need for more research in this field.