A Case Report and Literature Review on Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarcinoma of the Parotid Gland

Abstract

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) poses challenges in diagnosis, both clinically and histologically, owing to its subtle clinical manifestations and diverse microscopic patterns. The aggressive nature observed in minor salivary glands, in contrast to major glands, seems to be histologically linked to the prevalence of the papillary pattern. However, the biological behavior of PLGA in major salivary glands remains uncertain, as evidenced by cases exhibiting recurrences and metastases irrespective of the presence of a papillary pattern. We report a case of a 56-year-old patient, diagnosed with a PLGA, the computed tomography (CT) of the facial mass objectified a 2 x 1.5 cm multicystic tumoral left parotid mass.The patient underwent an excisional biopsy of the mass, followed by histological examination and immunohistochemical testing, which indicated the presence of a polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma. (PLGA). The treatment consisted of surgery (left parotidectomy) followed by adjuvant radiotherapy.