A brief overview of two nanoscaffolds used in regenerative endodontics

Abstract

Abstract Regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) is now a well-established treatment modality. This emphasizes the procedure of recruitment of stem cells in the presence of suitable scaffold under the influence of growth factors. Based upon their size, scaffolds have been classified into macro (>1000 μm), micro (1–1000 μm) and nano (<1 μm) scaffolds. Nanoscaffolds have brought advances in regenerative dentistry from the laboratory to clinical practice. Silica and fibrous nanoscaffolds are commonly used in RET. Because of their small size, nanoscaffolds can be utilized to administer antibiotics at very low concentrations, increasing their antibacterial efficacy and decreasing their cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, the environment that nanoscaffolds offer is conducive to stem-cell migration and proliferation, which in turn promotes pulp–dentin complex regeneration. Silica and fibrous nanoscaffolds have excellent mechanical competence, high processing ability, and unique biodegradability and biocompatibility. Without a doubt, in the near future, the development of nanoscaffolds will present fascinating prospects for RET. To translate the use of more recent nanoscaffolds in RET, more research on animals and in clinical settings needs to be conducted. This review was based on a comprehensive search of the literature, using Scopus and PubMed databases, to highlight the advantages of silica and fibrous nanoscaffolds in RET and to outline the possible modifications and applications.